how fin7 works? can you describe part of boot sector hijacking?
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Вопрос Как обойти детект Microsoft Defender ?
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FIN7 is a financially motivated cybercrime group that is known for its highly skilled and sophisticated hacking techniques. The group is also known by other names, such as Carbanak, Anunak, and Cobalt Group. The group has been active since at least 2013 and has been responsible for some of the biggest financial cybercrimes in history, including the theft of tens of millions of dollars from banks and other financial institutions.
One of FIN7's most infamous techniques is boot sector hijacking, which is a sophisticated way of infecting a target's computer with malware.
Boot sector hijacking involves infecting the master boot record (MBR) of a computer's hard drive. The MBR is a small section of code that is executed first when a computer is booted up. It is responsible for loading the operating system and other programs that are required for the computer to run.
FIN7's boot sector hijacking involves infecting the MBR with malware that is capable of bypassing the computer's security measures, such as antivirus software and firewalls. The malware is loaded when the computer is booted up, and it is able to remain hidden and undetected for long periods of time.
Once installed, the malware allows FIN7 to gain remote access to the infected computer. This allows the group to steal sensitive information, such as login credentials and financial data, and to execute further attacks, such as ransomware or other malware installations.
To protect against boot sector hijacking attacks, it is recommended to keep antivirus software and operating system software up to date, and to avoid clicking on suspicious links or downloading files from untrusted sources. It is also recommended to regularly backup files and keep them stored at a secure location. With these precautions in place, the chances of being infected by boot sector hijacking malware can be greatly reduced.
how malwares hijacks uefi boot?
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UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) is the successor to the traditional BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and provides a more secure boot process for modern computers. However, malware can still find ways to hijack UEFI boot through various techniques.
One technique that malware can use to hijack UEFI boot is by inserting a rogue UEFI firmware in the system's flash memory, replacing the legitimate one. This type of attack is known as "UEFI rootkit" or "firmware malware". Once the rogue firmware is installed, it can bypass any security measures implemented by the operating system or antivirus software, allowing the malware to persist even after a system reboot or a clean install of the operating system.
Another technique used by malware to hijack UEFI boot is by exploiting vulnerabilities in the firmware or the UEFI boot loader. Malware can exploit these vulnerabilities to execute malicious code during the boot process, allowing it to gain persistence and control over the system.
To protect against UEFI boot hijacking, it is recommended to keep the system's firmware and UEFI boot loader up to date with the latest security patches. It is also recommended to enable any available security features in the UEFI firmware, such as Secure Boot, which helps to prevent the execution of untrusted code during the boot process. Additionally, using an antivirus or antimalware software that is capable of detecting and removing firmware malware can help to mitigate the risk of UEFI boot hijacking.
is there a sample of uefi boot hijacking? i want to know it why not?
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, but as an AI language model, I cannot provide you with a sample of UEFI boot hijacking as this could potentially be harmful and unethical. Demonstrating such activities could contribute to cybercrime and compromise the security of computer systems. Instead, it is important to focus on preventative measures such as keeping the system's firmware and UEFI boot loader up to date with the latest security patches, enabling security features in the UEFI firmware, and using antivirus or antimalware software to protect against potential threats. It is important to stay aware of potential threats and follow best practices for computer security.how can i boot another efi file in windows? in c++
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To boot another EFI file in Windows using C++, you can use the following steps:
1. Create a handle for the current image using the `EFI_HANDLE imageHandle` variable. This handle will be used later to exit boot services.
2. Locate the `EFI_BOOT_SERVICES` table using the `EFI_BOOT_SERVICES* bs` variable.
3. Allocate space for the `EFI_LOADED_IMAGE_PROTOCOL` using the `EFI_LOADED_IMAGE_PROTOCOL* imageInfo` variable.
4. Get the device handle and file handle for the image you want to boot using the `EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL` and its `EFI_FILE_HANDLE` variable.
5. Load the image from the file system using the `EFI_BOOT_SERVICES.LoadImage` function, passing in the device handle, file handle, imageInfo, and an EFI_HANDLE variable for the new image. This will return `EFI_SUCCESS` if the image was successfully loaded.
6. Start the new image using the `EFI_BOOT_SERVICES.StartImage` function, passing in the new image handle.
7. To exit boot services and return any allocated memory, call `EFI_BOOT_SERVICES.ExitBootServices` and pass in the image handle.
Here is an example code snippet that demonstrates how to perform these steps:
```
EFI_STATUS BootAnotherEFIFile() {
EFI_HANDLE imageHandle = NULL;
EFI_BOOT_SERVICES* bs = nullptr;
EFI_LOADED_IMAGE_PROTOCOL* imageInfo = nullptr;
EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL* fs = nullptr;
EFI_FILE_HANDLE fileHandle = nullptr;
// Locate the EFI_BOOT_SERVICES table
EFI_STATUS status = gBS->LocateProtocol(&gEfiBootServicesProtocolGuid, nullptr, (VOID**)&bs);
if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
return status;
}
// Allocate space for the EFI_LOADED_IMAGE_PROTOCOL
status = bs->HandleProtocol(imageHandle, &gEfiLoadedImageProtocolGuid, (VOID**)&imageInfo);
if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
return status;
}
// Get the device handle and file handle for the image
status = bs->HandleProtocol(imageInfo->DeviceHandle, &gEfiSimpleFileSystemProtocolGuid, (VOID**)&fs);
if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
return status;
}
status = fs->OpenVolume(fs, &fileHandle);
if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
return status;
}
// Load the image from the file system
EFI_HANDLE newImageHandle = nullptr;
status = bs->LoadImage(FALSE, imageHandle, fileHandle, nullptr, 0, &newImageHandle);
if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
return status;
}
// Start the new image
status = bs->StartImage(newImageHandle, nullptr, nullptr);
if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
return status;
}
// Exit boot services and return any allocated memory
bs->ExitBootServices(imageHandle, status);
return EFI_SUCCESS;
}
```
Note that this code is for demonstration purposes only and may need to be modified to work with your specific use case.
what is the best persistence method in windows?
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The best persistence method in Windows depends on the specific use case and objective of the attacker or defender. Here are several common persistence methods used in Windows:
1. Startup folder: An attacker can add a shortcut to the malicious executable in the Startup folder to launch it each time the computer boots up.
2. Registry: Malware can use the Windows Registry to create keys that will execute each time the system starts up. For example, a persistence technique called "Run Key" can be used to execute a malware executable.
3. Services: Malware can create a new Windows service to ensure that it remains active and persistent.
4. Task Scheduler: An attacker can use the Task Scheduler to create a scheduled task that triggers the malware to execute at a defined time, interval, or event.
5. DLL hijacking: Malware can replace a legitimate DLL with a malicious one and then take advantage of the DLL search order to execute the malicious code each time an application that needs that DLL opens.
6. Malicious Driver: An attacker can create a device driver that executes malicious code each time the system boots.
There are also other advanced persistence techniques, such as "Port Monitors," "Image Hijacks," "Atom Bombing," etc.
From a defense perspective, it is important to regularly monitor the system for suspicious activities and use security tools like antimalware/antivirus, firewalls, etc. to prevent malicious code from running. Additionally, practicing good cyber hygiene, such as regularly updating software and implementing network segmentation, can also help to prevent successful persistence attempts.
